ISSN: 1305-385X
Hakkında: Özel sayılar şeklinde yayınlanır.
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Nitric Oxide And Its Clinical Pharmacology
Dr. Oğuzhan YILDIZa
aTıbbi Farmakoloji AD, Gülhane Askeri Tıp Akademisi ve Askeri Tıp Fakültesi, ANKARA
Endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) plays important role in cardiovascular physiology and pharmacology by producing tonic, hypotensive, antiplatelet and antiatherogenic effects. In several diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, coronary heart disease, arterial thrombotic disease and stroke, the functions of vascular endothelium which normally possesses protective peculiarity is impaired. Endothelial dysfunction leads ?NO insufficiency' and NO insufficiency plays role in physiopathology of the several diseases mentioned above. Risk factors such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and hyperhomocysteinemia may impair NO synthesis, increase its destruction, and may decrease response of cells to this mediator. The net outcome is increase in vascular tonus and reactivity, and predisposition to atherosclerosis. Today, drugs which mimic NO effects (NO donors) and which increase its endogen synthesis (i.e, angiotensin antagonists, calcium channel blockers and statins) are used. NO also plays role in central and peripheral neurotransmission and in cytotoxic effects of immune cells. Excessive NO synthesis is an important mechanism in inflammatory vasodilation. In view of this physiopathology, setting up NO levels or increasing NO by exogenously applied NO donors is a quite wide area of pharmacological therapy. Drugs which decrease NO syntesis may be useful in pyhsiopathological conditions with excessive NO production. There is a potential usage of NO synthase inhibitors in septic shock, neurodegenerative diseases and inflammation.Keywords: Nitric oxide, endotelial dysfunction, clinical pharmacology, therapyTurkiye Klinikleri J Int Med Sci 2005, 1(1):34-44
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